Urwego rukora inganda ruri mu nganda zikora cyane. Uyu munsi, hari imbaraga zidatezuka kugirango tuzamure neza muri rusange kandi neza hamwe nibikorwa nka wire EDM itanga neza neza ntakintu na kimwe kigufi cyo guhindura inganda.
None, Wire EDM niki neza, kandi ni ukubera iki ifatwa nkimpinduka yimikino murwego rwo gukora? Inyandiko ikurikira irareba ibyibanze byubu buhanga buhanitse bwo gukora hamwe nibisabwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Intangiriro Muri make Intangiriro EDM
Imashini itanga amashanyarazi (EDM) yatangijwe mu myaka ya za 40 n’abahanga babiri b'Abasoviyeti babanje kwangiza ibyuma n'amashanyarazi. Ikoranabuhanga ryabonye iterambere ryinshi muri za 60 na 80, rigenda ryigaragaza cyane mu bucuruzi mu nganda. Ahagana mu myaka ya za 90, hamwe na IT hamwe na CNC byongerewe imbaraga, imashini za EDM insinga zabaye mudasobwa nyinshi, zongera imikorere yabo neza.
Muri iki gihe, Wire EDM ni ingenzi mu nganda nka Aerosmace, Automotive, na Medical, izwiho gutanga ibishushanyo mbonera ndetse nuburyo bugoye butagereranywa nuburyo gakondo bwo gutunganya.
Inzira ya EDM
Imashini itanga amashanyarazi (EDM) nuburyo busobanutse bukoresha amashanyarazi agenzurwa kugirango ashonge uduce duto twakazi. Umugozi wa electrode, mubisanzwe bikozwe mu muringa cyangwa ibikoresho bisize zinc, birema iyi spark kandi bigenda munzira yabanjirije. Inyungu zayo? Cyakora nta guhuza umubiri, gukumira ibyangiritse cyangwa ibimenyetso byombi kumurimo nigikoresho.
Uburyo EDM ikora
EDM ishingiye ku mbaraga zumuriro ziva mumashanyarazi. Uku gusohora gushyushya igihangano kugeza aho gishonga, kigakora imiyoboro mito ya plasma. Iyi miyoboro, akenshi ifite ubunini bwa micrometero, irashobora gucika vuba.
Gahunda ya EDM ibaho muburyo bwa dielectric, mubisanzwe amazi ya deionion. Aya mazi akonjesha akazi kandi akuraho ibintu byuka, bifasha mugukomeza gukora.
Akamaro ka Cyuma Electrode
Gukora nkibikata nuyobora, electrode ya wire ni ngombwa. Yashizwemo ibikoresho nkumuringa cyangwa zinc, irwanya reaction kubushyuhe bwinshi. Igenzurwa na mudasobwa, itanga igabanywa ryukuri hamwe no kugoreka gake kandi neza.
Ubworoherane kuri Wire EDM
Gukata insinga biri mubikorwa byukuri byo gukora bihari. Rero, kwihanganira gukomeye ntabwo biva mubisanzwe kuri yo. Kwihanganirana nyabyo biterwa nibintu byinshi birimo ubuhanga bwumushinga, ubushobozi bwo gutunganya, hamwe nubuhanga bwabakoresha.
Nyamara, kwihanganira bisanzwe kandi byemewe ni igipimo cyinganda abayikora benshi bakurikiza.
Ubworoherane busanzwe no kwihanganirana neza
Ubworoherane busanzwe
Kwihanganirana kumurongo: Mubisanzwe uri hagati ya ± 0.005 kugeza ± 0.001 santimetero (0.127 kugeza 0.0254 mm), byerekana gutandukana byemewe kubintu nkibyobo, ibibanza, cyangwa imyirondoro.
Kwihanganira umwobo wa diameter: Mubisanzwe hagati ya ± 0.0005 kugeza ± 0.001 santimetero (0.0127 kugeza 0.0254 mm), byemeza ko imyobo ikozwe muri diameter isobanuwe.
Ubworoherane bwiza
Kwihanganirana kumurongo: Kugera kubisobanuro kurwego rwa micron, mubisanzwe kuva kuri ± 0.0002 kugeza kuri 0.0001 (0.0051 kugeza 0.00254 mm), nibyingenzi mubisabwa bikeneye ubunyangamugayo.
Kwihanganira umwobo wa diameter: Impinduka kuva ± 0.0001 kugeza ± 0.00005 (0.00254 kugeza 0.00127 mm), byerekana neza ED EDM idasanzwe.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku kwihanganira muri EDM
Wire EDM irazwi cyane kuri micron-urwego rwukuri, ikora neza kubikorwa bigoye. Nyamara, ubusobanuro bwayo ntabwo bukosowe kandi bushingiye kubintu byinshi:
• Imashini ihagaze: Imashini ihamye itanga neza neza mugukata ibikorwa.
• Ubwiza bwa Cyuma na Diameter: Ubuziranenge bwayo, diameter, nibiranga amashanyarazi bigira ingaruka kumikorere. Ibisubizo byiza bisaba kuringaniza ubuziranenge bwinsinga na diameter.
• Ibikoresho by'akazi: Mugihe ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bigera kumashini, guhitamo ibikoresho bigomba guhuza nibyo ukeneye.
• Imiterere ya Flush: Urujya n'uruza rwa dielectric, rugira ingaruka kumiterere yimikorere, gutunganya ibikoresho, gusohora amashanyarazi bihoraho, no gukwirakwiza neza ubushyuhe.
• Calibration yimashini no kuyifata neza: Ubushobozi bwimashini nibyingenzi. Imashini zisumba izindi zifite ubuhanga bukenewe kugirango tugere ku kwihanganira ibyiza.
• Ubushyuhe bwa Thermal: Kugirango ugumane neza bizwi na Wire EDM, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi igenzurwa ni ngombwa. Ihungabana ry'ubushyuhe rishobora guhungabanya ukuri, gushimangira akamaro k'ibihe bihoraho.
Ibikoresho Byiza cyane byo Gukata insinga
Ibyuma bya fer
Ibyuma
Ihuza kuramba hamwe nu mashanyarazi meza cyane. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya ruswa butuma ibintu bishakishwa mubikorwa bitandukanye. Mu rwego rwo gutunganya, guhuza kwayo nibishushanyo mbonera kandi birambuye biragaragara.
Igikoresho Cyuma
Azwiho ibiranga gukomera, ibikoresho byuma ninkingi yibikoresho byinshi biremereye hamwe nibice byuzuye. Gukomera kwarwo, iyo gufatanije nubushobozi bwamashanyarazi, bituma iba umukandida wambere muburyo burambuye kandi bukabije.
Ibyuma bya Carbone
Umukinyi utandukanye muburyo bwibyuma, ibyuma bya karubone, nubwo bidakoreshwa cyane ugereranije nabagenzi bayo, birashobora guhuzwa no gutungana hamwe na electrode iboneye hamwe nibikorwa bikora. Ubushobozi bwayo bujyanye nibikorwa byayo bituma iba ingenzi mu nganda nyinshi.
Amashanyarazi
Ihuriro ryibintu, imikorere yicyuma ikora ni tapestry yibigize. Ukurikije imvange yihariye, irashobora gutanga imbaraga, kuramba, hamwe na mashini, bigatuma ihitamo imbaraga kubikorwa bitandukanye.
Ibyuma bitagira fer
Titanium
Akenshi byiswe 'umwanya-wo mu cyuma', imbaraga za titanium hamwe no gushonga cyane bitera ingorane mu gutunganya bisanzwe. Ariko, iyo ucagaguye hamwe nibikoresho bisobanutse neza, irerekana ibishushanyo byombi kandi bikomeye, bigatuma bikundwa ninganda zo mu kirere n’ubuvuzi.
Aluminium
Gukunda ibyuma byoroheje, aluminiyumu yizihizwa kubera amashanyarazi meza kandi meza. Ntabwo itanga ubworoherane bwo gutunganya gusa ahubwo inasezeranya imbaraga nta mutwaro uremereye, bigatuma iba ingenzi mu nganda kuva ubwikorezi kugeza gupakira.
Umuringa
Umuyobora par excellence, umuringa uri mumutima wibitangaza byinshi byamashanyarazi na elegitoronike. Kamere yacyo itukura-orange hue ihujwe nubushobozi bwayo bwo kubumbwa mubice birambuye bituma iba ingenzi mubintu byose kuva electronics kugeza mubuhanzi bwo gushushanya.
Umuringa n'umuringa
Iyi mvange, yuzuye mumajwi ya zahabu, ntabwo ireba ubwiza gusa. Ibikoresho byabo byamashanyarazi bishimirwa bituma bajya mubikoresho bigizwe nibisobanuro bihuye nubwiza, nko mumitako itatse cyangwa ibice bya elegitoroniki bikozwe neza.
Ibyingenzi Byakoreshejwe Byuma EDM mubuhanga bugezweho
Gutunganya insinga EDM bigenda byiyongera bitewe nuburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye nubushobozi bwayo bwo kugera kubintu bisobanutse no kwihanganirana cyane, bigatuma bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa bigezweho. Hano hari ibintu bitatu by'ibanze:
Ibice Byuzuye Gukora
Ihitamo rusange ryo gukora ibice bihanitse hamwe no kwihanganira gukomeye. Nibyiza mugukora imiterere igoye, ibisobanuro birambuye, nibintu bito mubikoresho bitandukanye.
Inganda nkikirere, ubuvuzi, ibinyabiziga, na elegitoroniki zishingiye kuri Wire EDM kugirango ikore ibice byingenzi nka gare, nozzles, umuhuza, hamwe nububiko bukomeye.
Igikoresho no Gupfa Umusaruro
Umugozi EDM ufite uruhare runini muguhimba ibishushanyo, bipfa, hamwe nibikoresho byabigenewe, bigaburira inzira kuva kubumba inshinge kugeza kashe. Ubuhanga bwubuhanga mugushigikira ibipimo nyabyo no gushushanya impande zikarishye bituma ubwiza buhebuje hamwe nuburinganire mubikorwa binini.
Iterambere rya Prototype
Kuri prototyping yihuse kandi yuzuye, injeniyeri nabashya bakwega kuri EDM. Ibi byihutisha igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nicyiciro gikomeye cyo kugerageza.
Prototypes yacishijwe kuri Wire EDM yerekana neza ibicuruzwa byanyuma, bishimangira akamaro kayo mubicuruzwa byabayeho biturutse ku bwihindurize.
Urebye imbaraga zayo muri utwo turere twibanze, ubushobozi bwa EDM bwuzuye kandi bwuzuye bukoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinshi.
Gukora ibikoresho byo kwa muganga
• Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki na Micro-ibice
• Ikirere n'Indege
• Imitako no gukora amasaha
Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga
Urwego rw'ingufu
• Kubumba no gupfa
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-12-2023